The inquiry moves from diagnosing these mismatches to developing planning frameworks capable of working across the spatial, temporal and institutional scales through which socio-environmental systems evolve. Rather than treating environmental processes as external constraints to be managed, it asks how they can become structuring conditions for planning itself.

Socio-spatial justice, hydro-geomorphological processes, integrated risk management and metropolitan governance are brought into the same field of inquiry. Hydro-geomorphological mapping is central to this approach: water flows, soils, permeability, catchments and territorial cycles are treated not as background conditions but as active structures of urbanisation. Read together with patterns of settlement, infrastructure and social vulnerability, they reveal how environmental risk and socio-spatial inequality can be produced through the same territorial processes.

The mismatch is also temporal and institutional. Water, soil, climate and urbanisation operate across scales and rhythms that rarely coincide with planning cycles, municipal borders or sectoral responsibilities. The challenge is therefore not simply to make planning more adaptive, but to reconsider the spatial and institutional frameworks through which territories are represented, governed and transformed.

This requires planning frameworks that can connect ecological processes with institutional decision-making across scales: frameworks that can register change over time, work with territorial interdependencies, and make visible where risk, vulnerability and responsibility accumulate. The aim is not flexibility for its own sake, but a planning practice capable of responding to changing conditions without abandoning long-term commitments to justice and stewardship.

Within Critical Environments, Emerging Planning Frameworks explores how planning can move from control towards co-evolution: bringing institutional action into closer relation with socio-environmental processes, working with human and more-than-human agencies, and developing forms of governance capable of operating across ecological, spatial and temporal scales.